Implantable stimulation node configuration

ABSTRACT

Methods, systems, and devices for implantable node are described. The method may include storing, at an implantable stimulation node, a set of stimulation profiles in a memory during a configuration phase. The method may also include receiving a stimulation command corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set of stimulation profiles during a treatment phase. The method may further include delivering stimulation based at least in part on the stimulation profile corresponding to the received stimulation command. In some cases, the system may include an implantable hub, an implantable sensing node, and a sensing device.

BACKGROUND

The following relates generally to an implantable stimulation node, andmore specifically to an implantable stimulation node data transferconfiguration.

Stimulation therapy may use a device to apply an electric current to thebody (e.g., nerve or muscle) to stimulate various tissue sites in thetreatment of a variety of symptoms or conditions (e.g., chronic pain ortremor). The stimulation therapy device may be implanted in or externalto the body, and the device may use one or more contacts (e.g., leads)that include electrodes to target treatment locations associated withthe brain, the spinal cord, pelvic nerves, radial nerves, median nerves,ulnar nerves, and the like. In some cases, stimulation therapy devicesmay improve treatment targeting by increasing the number of electricalcontacts with the body. Moreover, an increase in the number ofelectrical contacts may also reduce the side effects when deliveringstimulation therapy.

A distributed implant approach may be taken to allow for more contactswith a greater reliability than non-distributed systems. A distributedsystem may communicate between devices to coordinate sensing and therapydelivery. Accordingly, as the number of distributed contacts increases,the data to be shared between the devices increases. The communicationlink between the devices may have a limited bandwidth and data transferrate. Thus, communication between devices during an active mode (e.g.,delivering stimulation in a time critical application) may berestricted.

SUMMARY

The described features generally relate to methods, systems, devices, orapparatuses that support an implantable stimulation node configuration.An implantable stimulation therapy system may reduce the amount of datathat is communicated across the system by including some memory andprocessing power at each node (e.g., implanted stimulation node). Thestimulation system may operate in a configuration phase where no therapyis being applied and the communication between devices is not timecritical. The stimulation system may also operate in a treatment phasewhere therapy is being applied and the communication between devices istime critical. Thus, the amount of data that may need to be transmittedbetween therapy devices during time-critical applications (e.g.,treatment phase where stimulation parameters should be quicklydetermined) may be reduced to accommodate the limited bandwidth andtiming constraints.

In some cases, stimulation profiles that define a predetermined set ofstimulation parameters may be stored and then used by therapy devices.By using prestored stimulation profiles, instead of having to send afull set of stimulation parameters across a bandwidth limitedcommunication link, the system (e.g., a hub) can send an indication ofwhich profile to use to a stimulation node. Thus, communication betweenthe hub and stimulation node may operate effectively during timecritical applications where large amounts of information (e.g., relatedto stimulation parameters) can be conveyed with reduced transmitted data(e.g., a profile indication).

The therapy system may also include sensing devices. For example, thesensing device may be a prosthetic, a wearable device, a therapy device,or the like. In some cases, profiles may exist for sensing parameters.The sensing profiles may be designed similarly to the stimulationprofiles, such that communication between the sensing device and the hubmay benefit from reduced transmitted data. In some examples, theprofiles (e.g., stimulation or sensing) may define every parameter foroperation or may define a portion of the parameters for operation.Accordingly, the system may provide a flexible communicationconfiguration of reduced data based on the actual communication linkrestrictions (e.g., bandwidth or data rate) between devices of thetherapy system.

A method of providing stimulation at an implantable stimulation node isdescribed. The method may include storing a set of stimulation profilesin a memory during a configuration phase, receiving a stimulationcommand corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set of stimulationprofiles during a treatment phase, and delivering stimulation based onthe stimulation profile corresponding to the received stimulationcommand.

An apparatus for providing stimulation at an implantable stimulationnode is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory inelectronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored inthe memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to causethe apparatus to store a set of stimulation profiles in a memory duringa configuration phase, receive a stimulation command corresponding to astimulation profile of the set of stimulation profiles during atreatment phase, and deliver stimulation based on the stimulationprofile corresponding to the received stimulation command.

Another apparatus for providing stimulation at an implantablestimulation node is described. The apparatus may include means forstoring a set of stimulation profiles in a memory during a configurationphase, receiving a stimulation command corresponding to a stimulationprofile of the set of stimulation profiles during a treatment phase, anddelivering stimulation based on the stimulation profile corresponding tothe received stimulation command.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for providingstimulation at an implantable stimulation node is described. The codemay include instructions executable by a processor to store a set ofstimulation profiles in a memory during a configuration phase, receive astimulation command corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set ofstimulation profiles during a treatment phase, and deliver stimulationbased on the stimulation profile corresponding to the receivedstimulation command.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an updatedstimulation command during the treatment phase based on real-time sensedinputs, and delivering an updated stimulation within the treatment phasebased on a stimulation profile corresponding to the updated stimulationcommand.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the real-time sensed inputschange during the treatment phase.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for communicating signalsover a limited bandwidth on communication circuitry, where the limitedbandwidth may be based on the implantable stimulation node beingimplanted in a body.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the set of stimulationprofiles includes generic stimulation profiles and patient specificstimulation profiles.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the configuration phaseincludes a first signal transmission timing restriction and thestimulation phase includes a second signal transmission timingrestriction that may be greater than the first signal transmissiontiming restriction.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the second signaltransmission timing restriction may be based at least in part a feedbacktiming restriction corresponding to the delivered stimulation.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the implantable stimulationnode includes a set of electrodes.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, at least one electrode of theset of electrodes delivers stimulation according to the stimulationprofile corresponding to the received stimulation command.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the set of stimulationprofiles include a lookup table, an algorithm that calculates modulationpatterns from sensed inputs, or both.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for identifying a first setof stimulation parameters based on the stimulation profile correspondingto the received stimulation command, and identifying a second set ofstimulation parameters directly from the received stimulation command,where the stimulation may be delivered based on the first set ofstimulation parameters and the second set of stimulation parameters.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for identifying an index ofthe stimulation command, where the index may be associated with thestimulation profile of the set of stimulation profiles.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the stimulation node may beconfigured to be implanted into a human body.

A method of providing stimulation at an implantable stimulation node isdescribed. The method may include storing a set of stimulation profilesin a memory during a first time period, receiving a stimulation commandfrom an implantable hub corresponding to a stimulation profile of theset of stimulation profiles during a second time period, and deliveringstimulation based on the stimulation profile corresponding to thereceived stimulation command.

An apparatus for providing stimulation at an implantable stimulationnode is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory inelectronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored inthe memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to causethe apparatus to store a set of stimulation profiles in a memory duringa first time period, receive a stimulation command from an implantablehub corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set of stimulationprofiles during a second time period, and deliver stimulation based onthe stimulation profile corresponding to the received stimulationcommand.

Another apparatus for providing stimulation at an implantablestimulation node is described. The apparatus may include means forstoring a set of stimulation profiles in a memory during a first timeperiod, receiving a stimulation command from an implantable hubcorresponding to a stimulation profile of the set of stimulationprofiles during a second time period, and delivering stimulation basedon the stimulation profile corresponding to the received stimulationcommand.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for providingstimulation at an implantable stimulation node is described. The codemay include instructions executable by a processor to store a set ofstimulation profiles in a memory during a first time period, receive astimulation command from an implantable hub corresponding to astimulation profile of the set of stimulation profiles during a secondtime period, and deliver stimulation based on the stimulation profilecorresponding to the received stimulation command.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for detecting, by a sensingdevice, real-time sensed inputs, and transmitting, by the sensingdevice, the real-time sensed inputs to the implantable hub, where thesensing device may be configured to be coupled with a human body.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for determining, at theimplantable hub, the stimulation command corresponding to thestimulation profile based on the real-time sensed inputs received fromthe sensing device, and transmitting the stimulation command to one ormore of the set of implantable stimulation nodes.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the sensing device includes aprosthetic, a wearable device, a therapy device, or a combinationthereof.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the implantable hub includesa battery source configured to provide power to the set of implantablestimulation nodes.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the implantable hub may beconfigured to wirelessly communicate with an external device.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the implantable hub may beelectrically coupled with the set of implantable stimulation nodes via awired connection.

A method of electrical sensing at an implantable electrical sensingdevice is described. The method may include receiving configurationinstructions during a configuration phase, storing a set of sensingprofiles in a memory based on the received configuration instructions,where each sensing profile of the set of sensing profiles defines a setof data processing parameters, receiving a sensed input during a sensingphase, and transmitting a reduced set of the received sensed input basedon the set of data processing parameters corresponding to a sensingprofile of the set of sensing profiles.

An apparatus for electrical sensing at an implantable electrical sensingdevice is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory inelectronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored inthe memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to causethe apparatus to receive configuration instructions during aconfiguration phase, store a set of sensing profiles in a memory basedon the received configuration instructions, where each sensing profileof the set of sensing profiles defines a set of data processingparameters, receive a sensed input during a sensing phase, and transmita reduced set of the received sensed input based on the set of dataprocessing parameters corresponding to a sensing profile of the set ofsensing profiles.

Another apparatus for electrical sensing at an implantable electricalsensing device is described. The apparatus may include means forreceiving configuration instructions during a configuration phase,storing a set of sensing profiles in a memory based on the receivedconfiguration instructions, where each sensing profile of the set ofsensing profiles defines a set of data processing parameters, receivinga sensed input during a sensing phase, and transmitting a reduced set ofthe received sensed input based on the set of data processing parameterscorresponding to a sensing profile of the set of sensing profiles.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for electricalsensing at an implantable electrical sensing device is described. Thecode may include instructions executable by a processor to receiveconfiguration instructions during a configuration phase, store a set ofsensing profiles in a memory based on the received configurationinstructions, where each sensing profile of the set of sensing profilesdefines a set of data processing parameters, receive a sensed inputduring a sensing phase, and transmit a reduced set of the receivedsensed input based on the set of data processing parameterscorresponding to a sensing profile of the set of sensing profiles.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for reducing the receivedsensed input to the reduced set of the received sensed input by applyingthe set of data processing parameters corresponding to the sensingprofile of the set of sensing profiles.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the reducing may be based onan available bandwidth, a timing constraint, a pre-configuration, or acombination thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a system for implantable nodes thatsupports implantable stimulation node configuration in accordance withaspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a system that supports implantablestimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a process flow that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a process flow that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a process flow that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show block diagrams of devices that support implantablestimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a node controller that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 9 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIGS. 10 through 15 show flowcharts illustrating methods that supportimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure describes devices, systems, and methods for animproved stimulation system for delivering electrical stimulation to abody. The stimulation system allows for efficient operation duringtime-critical applications when large amounts of information may need tobe communicated between devices of the system quickly (e.g., between ahub and stimulation nodes in a distributed implant stimulation system).In some cases, the communication link between the devices may have alimited bandwidth and data transfer rate due to hardware restrictions orother characteristics associated with being implanted in a body. Thus,communication between devices during an active mode (e.g., deliveringstimulation in a time-critical application) may be restricted (e.g.,bandwidth or data rate). Moreover, in distributed systems with severalnodes communicating and sharing power, the amount of data to betransmitted across the system can be large. In accordance with aspectsof the present disclosure, the system may convey large amounts ofinformation between devices using a reduced amount of actual transmitteddata, for example through use of stored stimulation profiles on thestimulation nodes themselves. Thus, devices may efficiently operateduring time-critical applications to satisfy restricted bandwidth anddata transfer rates.

For example, an implantable stimulation therapy system may communicatewith limited transmitted data by including some memory and processingpower at each node (e.g., implanted stimulation node). The stimulationsystem may operate in a configuration phase when no stimulation therapyis applied and the communication between devices is not time critical.The configuration phase may be prior to implantation of the device, orthe configuration phase may be after implantation but during anon-treatment time (e.g., between treatments). The stimulation systemmay also operate in a treatment phase when therapy is applied and thecommunication between devices is time critical.

In some cases, stimulation profiles may be used by therapy devices todefine a predetermined set of stimulation parameters. That is, insteadof sending the full set of detailed stimulation parameters, anindication of which profile to be used may be sent to a stimulationnode. Additionally, the stimulation profiles may be stored in a memoryof the stimulation node and a hub. Thus, communication between the huband stimulation node may operate effectively at time criticalapplications where large amounts of information (e.g., related tostimulation parameters) can be conveyed with reduced transmitted data(e.g., a profile indication). In some examples, a look up table oralgorithm may be used as the indication of which profile to be used forstimulation. Further, the stimulation profile used by a stimulation nodemay be changed during an active phase. For example, a sensed input maycorrelate to a new set of stimulation parameters that are indicated by adifferent stimulation profile. The hub may transmit an indication of theupdated profile to update the operating parameters of the stimulationnode. In some cases, the stimulation node may include a set ofelectrodes that deliver the current to the tissue. The set of electrodesmay operate according to the defined parameters of an indicatedstimulation profile.

The therapy system may also include sensing devices. For example, thesensing device may be a prosthetic, a wearable device, a therapy device,or the like. In some cases, profiles may exist for sensing parameters.The sensing profiles may be designed similarly to the stimulationprofiles, such that communication between the sensing device and the hubmay benefit from reduced transmitted data. For example, a sensingprofile may define one or more data processing parameters, that whenimplemented by the sensing device, reduces the amount of datatransmitted from the sensing device to a hub or elsewhere in the system.In some examples, a look up table or algorithm may be used as anindication of which profile correlates to the sensed inputs.

In some examples, the profiles (e.g., stimulation or sensing) may defineevery parameter for operation (e.g., the full set) or may define aportion of the parameters for operation (e.g., a subset of theparameters). The split between how many of the parameters are stored inthe profile versus how many are transmitted in real time may bedynamically determined by the system based on the current availabilityof resources (e.g., bandwidth and timing constraints). Accordingly, thesystem may provide a flexible communication configuration of reduceddata based on the actual communication link restrictions (e.g.,bandwidth or data rate) between devices of the therapy system.

Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of awireless patient monitoring system, which may include medical devicesconfigured to deliver stimulation therapy. Aspects of the disclosure arefurther illustrated by and described with reference to apparatusdiagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to implantablestimulation node configuration.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless patient monitoring system100 in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Thewireless patient monitoring system 100 may include a patient 105wearing, carrying, or otherwise coupled with a medical device 110.Although a single medical device 110 is shown, multiple medical devices110 may be coupled to the patient 105. The patient 105 may be a patientin a hospital, nursing home, home care, a medical facility, or anothercare facility. The medical device 110 may transmit signals via wirelesscommunications links 150 to computing devices 115 or to a network 125.

The medical device 110 may include one or more sensors configured tocollect a variety of physiological parameters as well as informationrelated to the location and movement of the patient 105. For example,the medical device 110 may include a pulse oximetry (SpO2) sensor, acapnography sensor, a heart rate sensor, a blood pressure sensor, anelectrocardiogram (ECG) sensor, a respiratory rate sensor, a glucoselevel sensor, a depth of consciousness sensor, a body temperaturesensor, an accelerometer, a global positioning sensor, a sensor whichtriangulates position from multiple local computing devices 115, or anyother sensor configured to collect physiological, location, or motiondata associated with the patient 105.

The medical device 110 may be coupled with the patient 105 in a varietyof ways depending on the data being collected. For example, the medicaldevice 110 may be directly coupled with the patient 105 (e.g.,physically connected to the patient's chest, worn around the patient'swrist, attached to the patient's finger, or positioned over the patientsnose or mouth). The data collected by the medical device 110 may bewirelessly transmitted to either the computing devices 115 or to theremote computing device 145 (via the network 125 and central station135). Data transmission may occur via, for example, frequenciesappropriate for a personal area network (such as Bluetooth, BluetoothLow Energy (BLE), or IR communications) or local (e.g., wireless localarea network (WLAN)) or wide area network (WAN) frequencies such asradio frequencies specified by IEEE standards (e.g., IEEE 802.15.4standard, IEEE 802.11 standard (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 standard (WiMAX),etc.).

Computing device 115-a may be a wireless device such as a tablet,cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), a dedicated receiver,or other similar device or a spatially distributed network of devicesconfigured to receive signals from the medical device 110. Computingdevice 115-b may be a wireless laptop computer, a clinician Workstationon Wheels, or a smart hospital bed configured to receive signals fromthe medical device 110. The computing devices 115 may be incommunication with a central station 135 via network 125.

The medical device 110 may also communicate directly with the centralstation 135 via the network 125. The central station 135 may be a serveror a central nurse station located within the hospital or in a remotelocation. The central station 135 may be in further communication withone or more remote computing devices 145, thereby allowing a clinicianto remotely monitor the patient 105. The central station 135 may also bein communication with various remote databases 140 where the collectedpatient data may be stored. In some cases, the remote databases 140include electronic medical records (EMR) applications for storing andsharing patient data.

In accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure, methodsand apparatuses are described for an implantable stimulation nodeconfiguration. Medical device 110 may be an example of a stimulationtherapy system. Medical device 110 may include a one or more stimulationnodes, a hub, and one or more sensing nodes. A clinician may selectvalues for a number of programmable stimulation profiles and sensingprofiles to define the electrical stimulation therapy to be delivered bythe implantable stimulator to the patient 105 based on the sensed inputsat a sensing node or device. For example, the clinician may identify ina profile one or more electrodes, a polarity of each selected electrode,a voltage or current amplitude, a pulse width, and a pulse frequency asstimulation parameters. The clinician may program the medical device 110with one or more stimulation profiles and/or sensing profiles during aconfiguration phase using a computing device 115.

Conventionally, a stimulation node may not have had the ability to storeor process stimulation profiles. As such, conventional stimulationsystems may have required that all of the treatment or sensingparameters be transmitted between the hub and the stimulation or sensingnodes in real time. In distributed systems with multiple stimulationnodes communicating with each other and with a central hub, the amountof data being transmitted across the system may be sizable. Moreover,implantable stimulation systems may operate with a limited bandwidth ordata rate due to the nature and hardware restrictions associated withbeing implanted within a human body. Therefore, the amount of data to besent during time-critical applications may exceed the bandwidth or datarate limitations of some distributed stimulation systems. Aspects of thepresent disclosure provide examples of a stimulation or sensing nodethat is capable of storing and processing indications of stimulationprofiles, which can reduce the actual amount of data being transmittedacross the system while conveying the same amount of information.

For example, during a treatment phase, the stimulation node and hub ofmedical device 110 may communicate using stored stimulation profiles.For example, the hub may transmit a small amount of data, whichindicates the stimulation profile to be used by the stimulation node(e.g., the electrodes of the stimulation node). The indication may notcontain the details of each stimulation parameter, but instead, theindication may include an algorithm or index corresponding to a look uptable that identifies a stimulation profile that is stored on thestimulation node. Thus, the stimulation profile may include the detailedparameters and a reduced amount of data may allow for efficientidentification of detailed operating parameters. In some cases, it maybe necessary to transmit reduced data due to bandwidth and/or data raterestrictions. For example, in time-critical applications when a set ofstimulation parameters may need to be quickly conveyed to a stimulationnode, the system may use the available bandwidth to send an indicationthat identifies the stimulation parameters rather than waiting untilsufficient bandwidth is available to transmit the full set ofstimulation parameters. Accordingly, the use of prestored profilesprovide the advantage of reducing the amount of data to be transmittedbetween devices for operation.

It should be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that one or moreaspects of the disclosure may be implemented in a system 100 toadditionally or alternatively solve other problems than those describedabove. Furthermore, aspects of the disclosure may provide technicalimprovements to “conventional” systems or processes as described herein.However, the description and appended drawings only include exampletechnical improvements resulting from implementing aspects of thedisclosure, and accordingly do not represent all of the technicalimprovements provided within the scope of the claims.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a system 200 that supports implantablestimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects of the presentdisclosure. In some examples, system 200 may implement aspects ofwireless communication system 100 and may include one or morestimulation nodes 205, one or more sensing nodes 210, a computing device115-c, a hub 220, and a sensing device 225. System 200 may be an exampleof a closed-loop therapy system.

Stimulation node 205 may include electrode contacts 230 that deliverstimulation to tissue (e.g., the radial nerve, median nerve, or ulnarnerve). In some examples, each stimulation node 205 may include 32electrode contacts 230. More or fewer electrode contacts 230 may bepresent to deliver stimulation to the tissue. Stimulation node 205 maybe connected to hub 220 via a wired lead. The wired lead may support alimited bandwidth or data rate due to the material or size of the lead,or other characteristics associated with being implanted in a body. Insome cases, stimulation node 205 is a part of closed-loop system 200that allows real-time updates to stimulation outputs based on real-timesensed inputs. For example, updates may happen periodically (e.g., every10 milliseconds), which may allow the therapy system 200 to act as areal time streaming neural stimulation system by adapting therapyparameters quickly.

As discussed herein, a stimulation node 205 may have stimulationprofiles prestored before providing treatment. In a configuration phase,the memory of the stimulation node 205 may store various combinations ofstimulation parameters in one or more stimulation profiles. In somecases, the stimulation profiles may define the electrode contact 230 fortreatment, maximum and minimum, amplitude of current to be delivered,timing of delivered pulses, inter-pulse interval, and the like.Therefore, a stimulation profile may define some or all of theparameters needed for the stimulation node 205 to delivery treatment. Apreloaded algorithm may define how the stimulation profile is to bemodulated in time (e.g., according to a sine wave or sawtooth profile)during the treatment phase, if modulated at all. The various stimulationparameters may be unique to each electrode contact 230 of eachstimulation node 205. Thus, the adaptability of the stimulationparameters provides for specific targeted therapy. In some examples, thestimulation profiles may define parameters for each pulse of eachelectrode contact 230, and each pulse for each electrode contact 230 maybe unique. Stimulation node 205 may include a stimulation engine orother power source to generate the electric current to be delivered tothe tissue.

In some cases, the stimulation node 205 may include a processor (e.g., amicroprocessor). Further, the processing power of each stimulationnode's 205 processor may be based on the tissue the electrode contacts230 are connected to (e.g., nerve type). The presence of processingpower at the stimulation node 205 allows a reduced set of commands to betransmitted for updating stimulation parameters. The reduced set ofcommands includes the indication of what stimulation profile to use. Forexample, an index may be received at the stimulation node 205 thatcorresponds to a first stimulation profile based on a look up tablestored in the memory of the stimulation node 205.

Sensing node 210 may be connected to the hub 220 via leads, and sensingnode 210 may include electrodes 235 that act as biopotential amplifiersto pick up electromyogram (EMG) signals from the muscles (e.g., musclesin the arm). In some examples a 16 channel EMG is used to collectedinformation from the muscles. This information may act as an input todetermine stimulation parameters for stimulation node 205 or motorcontrol of an external device (e.g., sensing device 225). The sensingnode 210 may be distributed away from the stimulation node 205 such thatsensing node 210 may measure inputs at one part of the body (e.g., theleg), and the stimulation node 205 may provide therapy based on theinputs at a different part of the body (e.g., the back).

In some examples, sensing node 210 may include a processor and memoryand may be preloaded with sensing profiles, which define a set of sensedparameters. For example, a sensing profile may define a range of thesize and shape of a measured waveform for an EMG signal. The sensingprofiles may be similarly designed to the stimulation profiles (e.g.,profiles may allow for indications of reduced data corresponding to eachprofile to be used in communication with the hub 220).

Hub 220 may be an implantable neural controller (INC) and may providepower to the stimulation node 205 and sensing node 210. Power and datamay be transmitted between hub 220, stimulation nodes 205, and sensingnodes 210 via implantable wire leads. Hub 220 may have stimulationprofiles and sensing profiles prestored in a memory during aconfiguration phase. The stimulation profiles allow the hub 220 tocommunicate with stimulation node 205 using a reduced amount oftransmitted data. The sensing profiles may allow the hub 220 tocommunicate with sensing node 210 using a reduced amount of transmitteddata. The hub 220 may include a processor that allows for adetermination of which stimulation profiles to use for specific sensingprofiles. The signaling between the hub 220, stimulation nodes 205, andsensing nodes 210 may create a closed-loop system that rapidly updatesstimulation therapy parameters based on live streaming inputs.

In some cases, hub 220 may communicate wirelessly with an externalcomputing device 115-c (e.g., via Bluetooth). Computing device 115-c maybe a smart device that provides a communication interface between hub220 and sensing device 225. Computing device 115-c may receive motorcontrol information from the hub 220 (e.g., based on sensed inputs atthe sensing node 210) and transfer the motor control information tosensing device 225 (e.g., a prosthetic hand). In some cases, computingdevice 115-c may communicate wirelessly with sensing device 225.

Sensing device 225 may receive operation instructions (e.g., motorcontrol instructions) from computing device 115-c. Accordingly, sensingdevice 225 may execute the received operation instructions. In someexamples, sensing device 225 may include a sensor that receives sensedinputs, such as heart rate or a tactile experiences. Sensing device 225may transmit this sensor data back to hub 220, via computing device115-c. In some cases, the sensor data may determine a stimulationtherapy that is delivered at stimulation node 205. In some examples, thesensing device 225 may be a prosthetic, a wearable monitoring device, orthe like.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a process flow 300 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. In some examples, process flow 300 may implementaspects of wireless communication system 100 and may include hub 220-aand stimulation node 205-a, which may be respective examples of hub 220and stimulation node 205 as described with reference to FIG. 2.Alternative examples of the following may be implemented, where somesteps are performed in a different order or not at all. Some steps mayadditionally include additional features not mentioned above.

At 305, hub 220-a and stimulator node 205-a may store a set ofstimulation profiles in a memory of each device during a configurationphase. For example, the configuration phase may occur beforeimplantation of the devices. In other examples, the hub 220-a andstimulator 205-a may be configured after implanted in the device. Hub220-a and stimulation node 205-a may also store algorithms and look uptables corresponding to the stimulation profiles.

At 310, stimulation node 205-a may receive from hub 220-a a stimulationcommand corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set of stimulationprofiles. The stimulation command may be received during a treatmentphase. The stimulation command may indicate (e.g., via an index) whichstimulation profile and algorithm to use at stimulation node 205-aduring treatment. Thus, the stimulation node 205-a may process thecommand to determine the corresponding profile that defines thestimulation parameters. For example, the indication may include anindex, and the stimulation node 205-a may look up in a look-up table theindex to determine the corresponding stimulation profile.

At 315, stimulation node 205-a may deliver stimulation to a patientbased on the stimulation profile indicated in the received stimulationcommand. In some cases, the stimulation profiles may define theelectrode for treatment, maximum and minimum, amplitude of current to bedelivered, timing of delivered pulses, inter-pulse interval, and thelike. A preloaded algorithm may define how the stimulation profile is tobe modulated in time (e.g., according to a sine wave or sawtoothprofile) during the treatment phase, if modulated at all. The variousstimulation parameters may be unique to each electrode contact of eachstimulation node 205-a.

At 320, stimulation node 205-a may receive, from hub 220-a, an updatedstimulation command corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set ofstimulation profiles. The stimulation profile may be the same ordifferent from the first stimulation profile received at 310. In somecases, the updated stimulation command may be a result of new sensedinputs from a sensing node or sensing device. At 325, stimulation node205-a may deliver stimulation to a patient based on an updatedstimulation profile indicated in the received updated stimulationcommand.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a process flow 400 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. In some examples, process flow 400 may implementaspects of wireless communication system 100 and may include sensingdevice 225-a, hub 220-b, and stimulation node 205-b, which may berespective examples of sensing device 225, hub 220, and stimulation node205 as described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. Alternative examplesof the following may be implemented, where some steps are performed in adifferent order or not at all. Some steps may additionally includeadditional features not mentioned above.

At 405, hub 220-b and stimulation node 205-b may store a set ofstimulation profiles in a memory of each device during a configurationphase. For example, the configuration phase may occur beforeimplantation of the devices or after implantation but during a time thatis not designated for treatment. Hub 220-b and stimulation node 205-bmay also store algorithms and look up tables corresponding to thestimulation profiles.

At 410, sensing device 225-a may detect real-time sensed inputs (e.g.,touching an object). At 415, hub 220-b may receive the sensed inputsfrom the sensing device 225-a. For example, the sensed inputs may bereceived via a wireless or wired communication link. The sensed inputsmay be received after a very short time (e.g., 10 milliseconds) suchthat the system operates in real time or near real time.

At 420, hub 220-b may use the received sensed inputs to determine astimulation profile (e.g., determine which nerve should be stimulated toidentify the presence of the object). Once the stimulation profile isdetermined, a corresponding indication may be determined at hub 220-b.

At 425, stimulation node 205-b may receive, from hub 220-b, astimulation command corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set ofstimulation profiles. The stimulation command may be received during atreatment phase. The stimulation command may indicate (e.g., via anindex) what stimulation profile and algorithm to use at stimulation node205-b during treatment. Thus, the stimulation node 205-b may process thecommand to determine the corresponding profile that defines thestimulation parameters. For example, the indication may include anindex, and the stimulation node 205-b may look up in a look-up table theindex to determine the corresponding stimulation profile.

At 430, stimulation node 205-b may deliver stimulation to a patientbased on the stimulation profile indicated in the received stimulationcommand. In some cases, the stimulation profiles may define theelectrode for treatment, maximum and minimum, amplitude of current to bedelivered, timing of delivered pulses, inter-pulse interval, and thelike. A preloaded algorithm may define how the stimulation profile is tobe modulated in time (e.g., according to a sine wave or sawtoothprofile) during the treatment phase, if modulated at all. The variousstimulation parameters may be unique to each electrode contact of eachstimulation node 205-b.

At 435, sensing device 225-a may detect updated real-time sensed inputs(e.g., touching a different side of the object). Optionally at 440, hub220-b may receive the updated sensed inputs from the sensing device225-a. For example, the updated sensed inputs may be received via awireless or wired communication link. The updated sensed inputs may bereceived after a very short time (e.g., 10 milliseconds) such that thesystem operates in real time. In some cases, the sensed inputs may beunsolicited or independent from a request. The communication between thehub 220-b and sensing device 225-a may be synchronized with thereal-time reporting of the sensed inputs, for example, when the datareporting uses a relatively high bandwidth. Thus, this synchronizationmay result in maximizing channel bandwidth utilization.

At 445, hub 220-b may use the received updated sensed inputs todetermine an updated stimulation profile (e.g., determine which nerveshould be stimulated to identify the presence of the object). Once theupdated stimulation profile is determined, a corresponding indicationmay be determined at hub 220-b.

At 450, stimulation node 205-b may receive, from hub 220-b, an updatedstimulation command corresponding to a new stimulation profile of theset of stimulation profiles. The updated stimulation command may bereceived during a treatment phase. The updated stimulation command mayindicate (e.g., via an index) what stimulation profile and algorithm touse at stimulation node 205-b during treatment. Thus, the stimulationnode 205-b may process the command to determine the correspondingprofile that defines the updated stimulation parameters. For example,the indication may include an index, and the stimulation node 205-b maylook up in a look up table the index to determine the correspondingstimulation profile. At 455, stimulation node 205-b may deliverstimulation to a patient based on the updated stimulation profileindicated in the received updated stimulation command.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a process flow 500 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. In some examples, process flow 500 may implementaspects of wireless communication system 100 and may include sensingnode 210-a and hub 220-c, which may be respective examples of sensingnode 210 and hub 220 as described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 4.Alternative examples of the following may be implemented, where somesteps are performed in a different order or not at all. Some steps mayadditionally include additional features not mentioned above.

At 505, sensing node 210-a may receive configuration instructions duringa configuration phase. For example, the configuration phase may occurbefore implantation of the devices or after implantation but during anon-treatment phase.

At 510, hub 220-c and sensing node 210-a may store a set of sensingprofiles based at least in part on the received configurationinstructions, where each sensing profile of the set of sensing profilesdefines a set of data processing parameters for sensed inputs at sensingnode 210-a. Hub 220-c and sensing node 210-a may also store algorithmsand look up tables corresponding to the sensing profiles.

At 515, sensing node 210-a may receive a sensed input during a sensingphase (e.g., time-critical treatment phase). The sensed input mayinclude an EMG signal. At 520, sensing node 210-a may reduce thereceived sensed input to a reduced set of the received sensed input byapplying the set of data processing parameters corresponding to thesensing profile of the set of sensing profiles. In some cases, thereduction may be based on one or more of an available bandwidth, atiming constraint, a pre-configuration, or a combination thereof.

At 525, hub 220-c may receive, from sensing node 210-a via a wiredconnection, a reduced set of the received sensed inputs based at leastin part on the set of data processing parameters corresponding to asensing profile of the set of sensing profiles. The received sensedinputs may be received during a treatment phase. The received sensedinput may indicate (e.g., via an index) a sensing profile. At 530, hub220-c may determine a stimulation profile based on the received sensedinputs.

FIG. 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a device 605 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The device 605 may be an example of aspects of adevice as described herein. The device 605 may include a receiver 610, anode controller 615, and a transmitter 620. The device 605 may alsoinclude a processor. Each of these components may be in communicationwith one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 610 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to implantablestimulation node configuration, etc.). Information may be passed on toother components of the device 605. The receiver 610 may be an exampleof aspects of the transceiver 920 described with reference to FIG. 9.The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

The node controller 615 may store a set of stimulation profiles in amemory during a configuration phase, receive a stimulation commandcorresponding to a stimulation profile of the set of stimulationprofiles during a treatment phase, and deliver stimulation based on thestimulation profile corresponding to the received stimulation command.The node controller 615 may also store a set of stimulation profiles ina memory during a first time period, receive a stimulation command froman implantable hub corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set ofstimulation profiles during a second time period, and deliverstimulation based on the stimulation profile corresponding to thereceived stimulation command. The node controller 615 may also receiveconfiguration instructions during a configuration phase, store a set ofsensing profiles in a memory based on the received configurationinstructions, where each sensing profile of the set of sensing profilesdefines a set of data processing parameters, receive a sensed inputduring a sensing phase, and transmit a reduced set of the receivedsensed input based on the set of data processing parameterscorresponding to a sensing profile of the set of sensing profiles. Thenode controller 615 may be an example of aspects of the node controller910 described herein.

The node controller 615, or its sub-components, may be implemented inhardware, code (e.g., software or firmware) executed by a processor, orany combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor,the functions of the node controller 615, or its sub-components may beexecuted by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an application-specificintegrated circuit (ASIC), a FPGA or other programmable logic device,discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or anycombination thereof designed to perform the functions described in thepresent disclosure.

The node controller 615, or its sub-components, may be physicallylocated at various positions, including being distributed such thatportions of functions are implemented at different physical locations byone or more physical components. In some examples, the node controller615, or its sub-components, may be a separate and distinct component inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In someexamples, the node controller 615, or its sub-components, may becombined with one or more other hardware components, including but notlimited to an input/output (I/O) component, a transceiver, a networkserver, another computing device, one or more other components describedin the present disclosure, or a combination thereof in accordance withvarious aspects of the present disclosure.

The transmitter 620 may transmit signals generated by other componentsof the device 605. In some examples, the transmitter 620 may becollocated with a receiver 610 in a transceiver module. For example, thetransmitter 620 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 920described with reference to FIG. 9. The transmitter 620 may utilize asingle antenna or a set of antennas.

FIG. 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a device 705 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of aspects of adevice 605 or a device 115 as described herein. The device 705 mayinclude a receiver 710, a node controller 715, and a transmitter 745.The device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these componentsmay be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 710 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to implantablestimulation node configuration, etc.). Information may be passed on toother components of the device 705. The receiver 710 may be an exampleof aspects of the transceiver 920 described with reference to FIG. 9.The receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

The node controller 715 may be an example of aspects of the nodecontroller 615 as described herein. The node controller 715 may includea profile memory 720, a communication circuitry 725, a stimulationgenerator 730, a sensor 735, and a parameter processor 740. The nodecontroller 715 may be an example of aspects of the node controller 910described herein.

The profile memory 720 may store a set of stimulation profiles in amemory during a configuration phase. The profile memory 720 may store aset of sensing profiles in a memory based on the received configurationinstructions, where each sensing profile of the set of sensing profilesdefines a set of data processing parameters.

The communication circuitry 725 may receive a stimulation commandcorresponding to a stimulation profile of the set of stimulationprofiles during a treatment phase. The communication circuitry 725 mayreceive configuration instructions during a configuration phase. Thestimulation generator 730 may deliver stimulation based on thestimulation profile corresponding to the received stimulation command.

The sensor 735 may receive a sensed input during a sensing phase. Theparameter processor 740 may transmit a reduced set of the receivedsensed input based on the set of data processing parameterscorresponding to a sensing profile of the set of sensing profiles.

The transmitter 745 may transmit signals generated by other componentsof the device 705. In some examples, the transmitter 745 may becollocated with a receiver 710 in a transceiver module. For example, thetransmitter 745 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 920described with reference to FIG. 9. The transmitter 745 may utilize asingle antenna or a set of antennas.

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a node controller 805 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The node controller 805 may be an example ofaspects of a node controller 615, a node controller 715, or a nodecontroller 910 described herein. The node controller 805 may include aprofile memory 810, a communication circuitry 815, a stimulationgenerator 820, a parameter processor 825, a command index processor 830,a sensor 835, a central hub 840, and a power source 845. Each of thesemodules may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g.,via one or more buses).

The profile memory 810 may store a set of stimulation profiles in amemory during a configuration phase or a first time period. In somecases, the configuration phase includes a first signal transmissiontiming restriction and the stimulation phase includes a second signaltransmission timing restriction that is greater than the first signaltransmission timing restriction.

In some cases, the set of stimulation profiles includes genericstimulation profiles and patient specific stimulation profiles. In somecases, the set of stimulation profiles include a lookup table, analgorithm that calculates modulation patterns from sensed inputs, orboth. In some examples, the profile memory 810 may store a set ofsensing profiles in a memory based on the received configurationinstructions, where each sensing profile of the set of sensing profilesdefines a set of data processing parameters.

The communication circuitry 815 may receive a stimulation commandcorresponding to a stimulation profile of the set of stimulationprofiles during a treatment phase. In some examples, the communicationcircuitry 815 may receive a stimulation command from an implantable hubcorresponding to a stimulation profile of the set of stimulationprofiles during a second time period. In some examples, thecommunication circuitry 815 may receive configuration instructionsduring a configuration phase.

In some examples, the communication circuitry 815 may receive an updatedstimulation command during the treatment phase based on real-time sensedinputs. In some cases, the real-time sensed inputs change during thetreatment phase. In some examples, the communication circuitry 815 maycommunicate signals over a limited bandwidth on communication circuitry,where the limited bandwidth is based on the implantable stimulation nodebeing implanted in a body.

In some cases, the second signal transmission timing restriction isbased at least in part a feedback timing restriction corresponding tothe delivered stimulation. In some cases, the implantable hub iselectrically coupled with the set of implantable stimulation nodes via awired connection. The wired connection may be used for communicationbetween devices and/or for static or dynamic power control of thestimulation nodes.

The stimulation generator 820 may deliver stimulation based on thestimulation profile corresponding to the received stimulation command.In some examples, the stimulation generator 820 may deliver an updatedstimulation within the treatment phase based on a stimulation profilecorresponding to the updated stimulation command. In some cases, thestimulation mode may require frequent refresh of statically enabledprofiles during the treatment phase, for example, to prevent unintendedstimulation if communication between remote devices is interrupted.

In some cases, the implantable stimulation node includes a set ofelectrodes. In some cases, at least one electrode of the set ofelectrodes delivers stimulation according to the stimulation profilecorresponding to the received stimulation command. In some cases, thestimulation node is configured to be implanted into a human body.

The parameter processor 825 may transmit a reduced set of the receivedsensed input based on the set of data processing parameterscorresponding to a sensing profile of the set of sensing profiles. Insome examples, the parameter processor 825 may identify a first set ofstimulation parameters based on the stimulation profile corresponding tothe received stimulation command. In some examples, the parameterprocessor 825 may identify a second set of stimulation parametersdirectly from the received stimulation command, where the stimulation isdelivered based on the first set of stimulation parameters and thesecond set of stimulation parameters.

In some examples, the parameter processor 825 may reduce the receivedsensed input to the reduced set of the received sensed input by applyingthe set of data processing parameters corresponding to the sensingprofile of the set of sensing profiles. In some cases, the reducing isbased on an available bandwidth, a timing constraint, apre-configuration, or a combination thereof. The command index processor830 may identify an index of the stimulation command, where the index isassociated with the stimulation profile of the set of stimulationprofiles.

The sensor 835 may receive a sensed input during a sensing phase. Insome examples, the sensor 835 may detect, by a sensing device, real-timesensed inputs. In some examples, the sensor 835 may transmit, by thesensing device, the real-time sensed inputs to the implantable hub,where the sensing device is configured to be coupled with a human body.In some cases, the sensing device includes a prosthetic, a wearabledevice, a therapy device, or a combination thereof.

The central hub 840 may determine, at the implantable hub, thestimulation command corresponding to the stimulation profile based onthe real-time sensed inputs received from the sensing device. In someexamples, the central hub 840 may transmit the stimulation command toone or more of the set of implantable stimulation nodes. In some cases,the implantable hub is configured to wirelessly communicate with anexternal device.

The power source 845 may provide power to the device. In some cases, theimplantable hub includes a battery source configured to provide power tothe set of implantable stimulation nodes.

FIG. 9 shows a diagram of a system 900 including a device 905 thatsupports implantable stimulation node configuration in accordance withaspects of the present disclosure. The device 905 may be an example ofor include the components of device 605, device 705, or a device asdescribed herein. The device 905 may include components forbi-directional voice and data communications including components fortransmitting and receiving communications, including a node controller910, an I/O controller 915, a transceiver 920, an antenna 925, memory930, and a processor 940. These components may be in electroniccommunication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 945).

The node controller 910 may store a set of stimulation profiles in amemory during a configuration phase, receive a stimulation commandcorresponding to a stimulation profile of the set of stimulationprofiles during a treatment phase, and deliver stimulation based on thestimulation profile corresponding to the received stimulation command.The node controller 910 may also store a set of stimulation profiles ina memory during a first time period, receive a stimulation command froman implantable hub corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set ofstimulation profiles during a second time period, and deliverstimulation based on the stimulation profile corresponding to thereceived stimulation command. The node controller 910 may also transmitstatus information in response to stimulation profile updates thatreport the operational status (e.g. regulation status or loading) thedevice 905 (e.g., stimulation node). The node controller 910 may alsoreceive configuration instructions during a configuration phase, store aset of sensing profiles in a memory based on the received configurationinstructions, where each sensing profile of the set of sensing profilesdefines a set of data processing parameters, receive a sensed inputduring a sensing phase, and transmit a reduced set of the receivedsensed input based on the set of data processing parameterscorresponding to a sensing profile of the set of sensing profiles.

The I/O controller 915 may manage input and output signals for thedevice 905. The I/O controller 915 may also manage peripherals notintegrated into the device 905. In some cases, the I/O controller 915may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral.In some cases, the I/O controller 915 may utilize an operating systemsuch as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS/2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, oranother known operating system. In other cases, the I/O controller 915may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, atouchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I/O controller 915may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user mayinteract with the device 905 via the I/O controller 915 or via hardwarecomponents controlled by the I/O controller 915.

The transceiver 920 may communicate bi-directionally, via one or moreantennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, thetransceiver 920 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicatebi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 920may also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide themodulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulatepackets received from the antennas.

In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna 925.However, in some cases the device may have more than one antenna 925,which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiplewireless transmissions.

The memory 930 may include RAM and ROM. The memory 930 may storecomputer-readable, computer-executable code 935 including instructionsthat, when executed, cause the processor to perform various functionsdescribed herein. In some cases, the memory 930 may contain, among otherthings, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operationsuch as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

The processor 940 may include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., ageneral-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, anFPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logiccomponent, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof).In some cases, the processor 940 may be configured to operate a memoryarray using a memory controller. In other cases, a memory controller maybe integrated into the processor 940. The processor 940 may beconfigured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory(e.g., the memory 930) to cause the device 905 to perform variousfunctions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting implantable stimulationnode configuration).

The code 935 may include instructions to implement aspects of thepresent disclosure, including instructions to support implantable nodeconfiguration. The code 935 may be stored in a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory.In some cases, the code 935 may not be directly executable by theprocessor 940 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled andexecuted) to perform functions described herein.

Circuitry 945 may allow communication between devices. The circuitry maytransfer both data and power (e.g., from power source 950) betweencomponents. In some examples, the circuitry 945 may be a switch array,switch matrix, multiplexer, or any other type of switching circuitryconfigured to selectively supply stimulation energy to selectedelectrodes of stimulation nodes and to sense bioelectrical neuralsignals at a sensing node.

FIG. 10 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1000 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The operations of method 1000 may be implementedby a device or its components as described herein. For example, theoperations of method 1000 may be performed by a node controller asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9. In some examples, adevice may execute a set of instructions to control the functionalelements of the device to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, a device may perform aspects of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1005, the device may store a set of stimulation profiles in a memoryduring a configuration phase. The operations of 1005 may be performedaccording to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects ofthe operations of 1005 may be performed by a profile memory as describedwith reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1010, the device may receive a stimulation command corresponding to astimulation profile of the set of stimulation profiles during atreatment phase. The operations of 1010 may be performed according tothe methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of theoperations of 1010 may be performed by a communication circuitry asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1015, the device may deliver stimulation based on the stimulationprofile corresponding to the received stimulation command. Theoperations of 1015 may be performed according to the methods describedherein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1015 may beperformed by a stimulation generator as described with reference toFIGS. 6 through 9.

FIG. 11 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1100 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The operations of method 1100 may be implementedby a device or its components as described herein. For example, theoperations of method 1100 may be performed by a node controller asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9. In some examples, adevice may execute a set of instructions to control the functionalelements of the device to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, a device may perform aspects of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1105, the device may store a set of stimulation profiles in a memoryduring a configuration phase. The operations of 1105 may be performedaccording to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects ofthe operations of 1105 may be performed by a profile memory as describedwith reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1110, the device may receive a stimulation command corresponding to astimulation profile of the set of stimulation profiles during atreatment phase. The operations of 1110 may be performed according tothe methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of theoperations of 1110 may be performed by a communication circuitry asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1115, the device may deliver stimulation based on the stimulationprofile corresponding to the received stimulation command. Theoperations of 1115 may be performed according to the methods describedherein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1115 may beperformed by a stimulation generator as described with reference toFIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1120, the device may receive an updated stimulation command duringthe treatment phase based on real-time sensed inputs. The operations of1120 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In someexamples, aspects of the operations of 1120 may be performed by acommunication circuitry as described with reference to FIGS. 6 through9.

At 1125, the device may deliver an updated stimulation within thetreatment phase based on a stimulation profile corresponding to theupdated stimulation command. The operations of 1125 may be performedaccording to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects ofthe operations of 1125 may be performed by a stimulation generator asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

FIG. 12 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1200 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The operations of method 1200 may be implementedby a device or its components as described herein. For example, theoperations of method 1200 may be performed by a node controller asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9. In some examples, adevice may execute a set of instructions to control the functionalelements of the device to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, a device may perform aspects of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1205, the device may store a set of stimulation profiles in a memoryduring a first time period. The operations of 1205 may be performedaccording to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects ofthe operations of 1205 may be performed by a profile memory as describedwith reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1210, the device may receive a stimulation command from animplantable hub corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set ofstimulation profiles during a second time period. The operations of 1210may be performed according to the methods described herein. In someexamples, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by acommunication circuitry as described with reference to FIGS. 6 through9.

At 1215, the device may deliver stimulation based on the stimulationprofile corresponding to the received stimulation command. Theoperations of 1215 may be performed according to the methods describedherein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1215 may beperformed by a stimulation generator as described with reference toFIGS. 6 through 9.

FIG. 13 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The operations of method 1300 may be implementedby a device or its components as described herein. For example, theoperations of method 1300 may be performed by a node controller asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9. In some examples, adevice may execute a set of instructions to control the functionalelements of the device to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, a device may perform aspects of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1305, the device may store a set of stimulation profiles in a memoryduring a first time period. The operations of 1305 may be performedaccording to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects ofthe operations of 1305 may be performed by a profile memory as describedwith reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1310, the device may detect, by a sensing device, real-time sensedinputs. The operations of 1310 may be performed according to the methodsdescribed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310may be performed by a sensor as described with reference to FIGS. 6through 9.

At 1315, the device may transmit, by the sensing device, the real-timesensed inputs to the implantable hub, where the sensing device isconfigured to be coupled with a human body. The operations of 1315 maybe performed according to the methods described herein. In someexamples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed by a sensoras described with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1320, the device may receive a stimulation command from animplantable hub corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set ofstimulation profiles during a second time period. The operations of 1320may be performed according to the methods described herein. In someexamples, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed by acommunication circuitry as described with reference to FIGS. 6 through9.

At 1325, the device may deliver stimulation based on the stimulationprofile corresponding to the received stimulation command. Theoperations of 1325 may be performed according to the methods describedherein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1325 may beperformed by a stimulation generator as described with reference toFIGS. 6 through 9.

FIG. 14 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1400 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The operations of method 1400 may be implementedby a device or its components as described herein. For example, theoperations of method 1400 may be performed by a node controller asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9. In some examples, adevice may execute a set of instructions to control the functionalelements of the device to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, a device may perform aspects of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1405, the device may receive configuration instructions during aconfiguration phase. The operations of 1405 may be performed accordingto the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of theoperations of 1405 may be performed by a communication circuitry asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1410, the device may store a set of sensing profiles in a memorybased on the received configuration instructions, where each sensingprofile of the set of sensing profiles defines a set of data processingparameters. The operations of 1410 may be performed according to themethods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1410 may be performed by a profile memory as described with reference toFIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1415, the device may receive a sensed input during a sensing phase.The operations of 1415 may be performed according to the methodsdescribed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415may be performed by a sensor as described with reference to FIGS. 6through 9.

At 1420, the device may transmit a reduced set of the received sensedinput based on the set of data processing parameters corresponding to asensing profile of the set of sensing profiles. The operations of 1420may be performed according to the methods described herein. In someexamples, aspects of the operations of 1420 may be performed by aparameter processor as described with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

FIG. 15 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1500 that supportsimplantable stimulation node configuration in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The operations of method 1500 may be implementedby a device or its components as described herein. For example, theoperations of method 1500 may be performed by a node controller asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9. In some examples, adevice may execute a set of instructions to control the functionalelements of the device to perform the functions described below.Additionally or alternatively, a device may perform aspects of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1505, the device may receive configuration instructions during aconfiguration phase. The operations of 1505 may be performed accordingto the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of theoperations of 1505 may be performed by a communication circuitry asdescribed with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1510, the device may store a set of sensing profiles in a memorybased on the received configuration instructions, where each sensingprofile of the set of sensing profiles defines a set of data processingparameters. The operations of 1510 may be performed according to themethods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1510 may be performed by a profile memory as described with reference toFIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1515, the device may receive a sensed input during a sensing phase.The operations of 1515 may be performed according to the methodsdescribed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515may be performed by a sensor as described with reference to FIGS. 6through 9.

At 1520, the device may reduce the received sensed input to the reducedset of the received sensed input by applying the set of data processingparameters corresponding to the sensing profile of the set of sensingprofiles. The operations of 1520 may be performed according to themethods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of1520 may be performed by a parameter processor as described withreference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

At 1525, the device may transmit a reduced set of the received sensedinput based on the set of data processing parameters corresponding to asensing profile of the set of sensing profiles. The operations of 1525may be performed according to the methods described herein. In someexamples, aspects of the operations of 1525 may be performed by aparameter processor as described with reference to FIGS. 6 through 9.

It should be noted that the methods described above describe possibleimplementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearrangedor otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.Furthermore, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

The description set forth herein, in connection with the appendeddrawings, describes example configurations and does not represent allthe examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of theclaims. The term “exemplary” used herein means “serving as an example,instance, or illustration,” and not “preferred” or “advantageous overother examples.” The detailed description includes specific details forthe purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques.These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specificdetails. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shownin block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of thedescribed examples.

In the appended figures, similar components or features may have thesame reference label. Further, various components of the same type maybe distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a secondlabel that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the firstreference label is used in the specification, the description isapplicable to any one of the similar components having the same firstreference label irrespective of the second reference label.

Information and signals described herein may be represented using any ofa variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data,instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chipsthat may be referenced throughout the above description may berepresented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magneticfields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combinationthereof.

The various illustrative blocks and modules described in connection withthe disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with ageneral-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC, afield programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device,discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or anycombination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein.A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in thealternative, the processor may be any conventional processor,controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also beimplemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combinationof a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or moremicroprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suchconfiguration). A processor may in some cases be in electroniccommunication with a memory, where the memory stores instructions thatare executable by the processor. Thus, the functions described hereinmay be performed by one or more other processing units (or cores), on atleast one integrated circuit (IC). In various examples, different typesof ICs may be used (e.g., Structured/Platform ASICs, an FPGA, or anothersemi-custom IC), which may be programmed in any manner known in the art.The functions of each unit may also be implemented, in whole or in part,with instructions embodied in a memory, formatted to be executed by oneor more general or application-specific processors.

The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, softwareexecuted by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. Ifimplemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may bestored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on acomputer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are withinthe scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to thenature of software, functions described above may be implemented usingsoftware executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, orcombinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may alsobe physically located at various positions, including being distributedsuch that portions of functions are implemented at different physicallocations. Also, as used herein, including in the claims. “or” as usedin a list of items (for example, a list of items prefaced by a phrasesuch as “at least one of” or “one or more of”) indicates an inclusivelist such that, for example, a list of at least one of A. B, or C meansA or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, asused herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a referenceto a closed set of conditions. For example, an exemplary step that isdescribed as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition Aand a condition B without departing from the scope of the presentdisclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shallbe construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in parton.”

Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storagemedia and communication media including any medium that facilitatestransfer of a computer program from one place to another. Anon-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that can beaccessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way ofexample, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media maycomprise RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable read only memory(EEPROM), compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magneticdisk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any othernon-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired programcode means in the form of instructions or data structures and that maybe accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or ageneral-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection isproperly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the softwareis transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using acoaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line(DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave,then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digitalsubscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio,and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc,as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatiledisc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproducedata magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers.Combinations of the above are also included within the scope ofcomputer-readable media.

The description herein is provided to enable a person skilled in the artto make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosurewill be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the genericprinciples defined herein may be applied to other variations withoutdeparting from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is notlimited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to beaccorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novelfeatures disclosed herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. An implantable stimulation node, comprising: aprocessor; memory in electronic communication with the processor;instructions stored in the memory and operable, when executed by theprocessor, to cause the stimulation node to: store a set of stimulationprofiles in the memory during a configuration phase; receive astimulation command corresponding to a stimulation profile of the set ofstimulation profiles during a treatment phase; and deliver stimulationbased at least in part on the stimulation profile corresponding to thereceived stimulation command.
 2. The implantable stimulation node ofclaim 1, wherein the instructions are operable to cause the stimulationnode to: receive an updated stimulation command during the treatmentphase based at least in part on real-time sensed inputs; and deliver anupdated stimulation within the treatment phase based at least in part ona stimulation profile corresponding to the updated stimulation command.3. The implantable stimulation node of claim 2, wherein the real-timesensed inputs change during the treatment phase.
 4. The implantablestimulation node of claim 1, further comprising: communication circuitryconfigured for communicating signals over a limited bandwidth, whereinthe limited bandwidth is based at least in part on the implantablestimulation node being implanted in a body.
 5. The implantablestimulation node of claim 1, wherein the set of stimulation profilescomprises generic stimulation profiles and patient specific stimulationprofiles.
 6. The implantable stimulation node of claim 1, wherein theconfiguration phase comprises a first signal transmission timingrestriction and the stimulation phase comprises a second signaltransmission timing restriction that is greater than the first signaltransmission timing restriction.
 7. The implantable stimulation node ofclaim 6, wherein the second signal transmission timing restriction isbased at least in part a feedback timing restriction corresponding tothe delivered stimulation.
 8. The implantable stimulation node of claim1, further comprising: a plurality of electrodes.
 9. The implantablestimulation node of claim 8, wherein at least one electrode of theplurality of electrodes delivers stimulation according to thestimulation profile corresponding to the received stimulation command.10. The implantable stimulation node of claim 1, wherein the set ofstimulation profiles comprise a lookup table, an algorithm thatcalculates modulation patterns from sensed inputs, or both.
 11. Theimplantable stimulation node of claim 1, wherein the instructions areoperable to cause the stimulation node to: identify a first set ofstimulation parameters based at least in part on the stimulation profilecorresponding to the received stimulation command; and identify a secondset of stimulation parameters directly from the received stimulationcommand, wherein the stimulation is delivered based at least in part onthe first set of stimulation parameters and the second set ofstimulation parameters.
 12. The implantable stimulation node of claim 1,wherein the instructions are operable to cause the stimulation node to:identify an index of the stimulation command, wherein the index isassociated with the stimulation profile of the set of stimulationprofiles.
 13. The implantable stimulation node of claim 1, wherein thestimulation node is configured to be implanted into a human body.
 14. Animplantable stimulation system, comprising: an implantable hub; and aplurality of implantable stimulation nodes, each implantable stimulationnode comprising: a processor; memory in electronic communication withthe processor; instructions stored in the memory and operable, whenexecuted by the processor, to cause the stimulation node to: store a setof stimulation profiles in the memory during a first time period:receive a stimulation command from the implantable hub corresponding toa stimulation profile of the set of stimulation profiles during a secondtime period; and deliver stimulation based at least in part on thestimulation profile corresponding to the received stimulation command.15. The implantable stimulation system of claim 14, further comprising:a sensing device configured to be coupled with a human body andconfigured to detect and transmit real-time sensed inputs to theimplantable hub.
 16. The implantable stimulation system of claim 15,wherein the implantable hub is configured to determine the stimulationcommand corresponding to the stimulation profile based at least in parton the real-time sensed inputs received from the sensing device, and isfurther configured to transmit the stimulation command to one or more ofthe plurality of implantable stimulation nodes.
 17. The implantablestimulation system of claim 15, wherein the sensing device comprises aprosthetic, a wearable device, a therapy device, or a combinationthereof.
 18. The implantable stimulation system of claim 14, wherein theimplantable hub comprises a battery source configured to provide powerto the plurality of implantable stimulation nodes.
 19. The implantablestimulation system of claim 14, wherein the implantable hub isconfigured to wirelessly communicate with an external device.
 20. Theimplantable stimulation system of claim 14, wherein the implantable hubis electrically coupled with the plurality of implantable stimulationnodes via a wired connection.
 21. An implantable electrical sensingnode, comprising: a processor; memory in electronic communication withthe processor; instructions stored in the memory and operable, whenexecuted by the processor, to cause the sensing node to: receiveconfiguration instructions during a configuration phase; store a set ofsensing profiles based at least in part on the received configurationinstructions, wherein each sensing profile of the set of sensingprofiles defines a set of data processing parameters; receive a sensedinput during a sensing phase; and transmit a reduced set of the receivedsensed input based at least in part on the set of data processingparameters corresponding to a sensing profile of the set of sensingprofiles.
 22. The implantable electrical sensing node of claim 21,wherein the instructions are operable to cause the sensing node to:reduce the received sensed input to the reduced set of the receivedsensed input by applying the set of data processing parameterscorresponding to the sensing profile of the set of sensing profiles. 23.The implantable electrical sensing node of claim 22, wherein theinstructions are operable to cause the sensing node to: reduce thereceived sensed input to the reduced set of the received sensed inputbased at least in part on an available bandwidth, a timing constraint, apre-configuration, or a combination thereof.